Country of origin, consumers Perception and Brand Image

Country of origin, consumer s Perception and Brand Image Introduction The impact of country of origin (COO) on the consumer s perception of products has been one of the most widely studied areas of international marketing. Increasing globalization of today s business has resulted in unprecedented problems for manufacturers, marketers, and consumers (L. Y. Lin Chen, 2006). The country of origin (where a product is made) touches both consumer evaluations of the product as well as the firm s decision to manufacture its goods in certain countries and how to brand (Parkvithee Miranda, 2012). Country-of-origin or in other words the Made in is a concept which states that people constitutes attitudes and believes shaping the†¦show more content†¦Consumers tend to recall the stored information about the brand and the country in question and then they relate the brand name with the COO to form a brand image and infer the product evaluation (Scott and Keith, 2005; Koubaa, 2008, p.141). Brand image is the reasoned or emotional perceptions consumers attach to a specific brand. It consists of functional and symbolic brand beliefs (Dobni and Zinkhan, 1990; Koubaa, 2008, p.141). Brand image is made up of brand associations. ‘‘Brand associations are the category of brand’s assets and liabilities that include anything ‘‘linked’’ in memory to a brand’’ (Aaker, 1991; Koubaa, 2008, p.141). â€Å"The ‘essence’ of the brand is a single simple value, easily understood and valued by consumer† (Arnold, 1992, p. 17; Pappu, Quester and Cooksey 2006, p.697).When brands are competing in the international arena, marketing managers should understand how to maintain the core essence of their brand across international boundaries. Examining how country of origin impacts brand image and its associated dimensions (e.g. perceived quality, brand associations) should reveal the means to protect or enhance the core essence of a brand. The country of origin of a product is an important marketing element known to influence consumer perceptions as well as behavior. Conversely, an inferior country of origin could tarnish a brand name (Thakor and Katsanis, 1997; Pappu, Quester and Cooksey, 2006, p.697).Show MoreRelatedUnderstanding the Relation between Country Image and Consumer Brand Equity868 Words   |  4 PagesUnderstanding the relation between country image and consumer brand equity is very important for many reasons, first the spread of globalization and the increase of international businesses which facilitate the transfer of the products from one country to consumers in other countries. Second, firms in developed countries start to shift the production lines to other countries to benefit from the cheap labor and low transportation cost. Finally firms sell their products in other countries for strategic reasonsRead MoreGlobal Brand and Local Brand1446 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Global brands Vs. Local Brands Introduction According to Ger, Belk and Lascu (1993), advances in communications and information systems technology have shrunk distances, thereby linking markets through flows of information across markets. These trends enhance the management of global operations and drives up the need to deal effectively with global competition. As firms enter international markets, branding plays an important role in its marketing strategy. Many consumers use brands as clues toRead MoreCOO Impact on Consumers Purchases Essay example1565 Words   |  7 Pagesstudy that COO played an important role in consumers perception towards product from a given country. When buying a branded products, consumers purchase intention was not only be influenced by brand perceptions but COO also had a direct impact. Similarly Karunaratna , Quester Johnson (2008) found that through COO and brand information consumers simply information processing while evaluating product. In short Country-of-Brand which links the brand with its COO. even though this strong link shapes consumerRead MoreHolal Marketsrs and Brand Essay examples1140 Words   |  5 Pagesevery year and because of this more and more brands are going for Halal certification (lada, Tanakinjal and Amin, 2009). Halal is used as a marketing tool by marketers. Marketers are using Halal as brand element to promote their brands. Organizations are now considering Halal as important brand component to increase its market share. The Halal philosophy is used to enhance branding, marketing and to develop the product market. Halal is used as a co-brand like Halal insurance, Halal financing etc. ManyRead More6 Verlegh s And Steenkamp s ( 1999 ) Coo Framework906 Words   |  4 PagesFramework Authors have introduced a country of origin framework which has 3 different dimensions of COO which impacts consumer’s perceptions, those 3 dimensions are called â€Å"Affective†, â€Å"Normative† and â€Å"Cognitive†. This framework was heavily used in modern research of COO effects on brand equity, therefore I will employ elements of this framework in conducting my own research. 2.2.6.1 Affective Dimension of COO This is can be linked to Aaker’s (1991) theory of brand associations as consumers tend toRead MoreSummary of Chapter 6 consumer behavior830 Words   |  4 PagesMarceline 3303013002 Vensca Veronica Tanus 3303013024 Summary of Chapter 6 Consumer Perception Perception The process by which an individual selects, organizes, and interprets stimuli into a meaningful and coherent picture of the world Elements of Perception Sensation is the immediate and direct response of the sensory organs (5 senses) to stimuli. Sensation itself depend on energy within the environment where the perception occurs. For example: Mainly sight sound smell (SIA e.g) and a stimulus isRead MoreConsumer Behavior Jnd Essay1055 Words   |  5 Pagesmix that is above the differential threshold. In this case, marketers would most likely make changes to the perfume’s bottle or chocolate packaging. By making their new packaging or bottle more attractive or enticing, this would catch the consumer’s attention, and make their respective product stand out from its competitors. Another way marketers can stand out is by offering different promotional sales, causing consumers to believe that they are getting more for less. Often, chocolate barsRead MoreAfter looking back at all the presentations done in the tutorials of International Marketing, I1300 Words   |  6 Pagesdefinition of consumer affinity, group of consumers that may have consumer affinity towards buying products made in foreign country and the causes of consumer affinity. The presenter explained that people who develop affinity towards a foreign country might do so because they identify with the country’s culture, they find it attractive, or they find that their identification with the country contributes to their social identity (Wongtada, Rice Bandyopadhyay 2012). The presenter then explained the possibleRead MoreThe And Brand Identity / Brand Image Subjects994 Words   |  4 Pagesanalysis on both COO and Brand Identity/Brand Image subjects. Every successful research should be sta rted with analysis of central themes as this will act as a basis for whole study. Taking into account this thinking, first part of this literature review will be dedicated to analyses of core aspects Brand Identity/Brand Image and Country-of-Origin Effect. Here you will be able to find discussion of history, background research and key factors of both topics. 2.1.1 Brand Image/Brand identity With the growthRead MoreProducts and Services for Consumers1441 Words   |  6 Pagesresolved with a simple either/or decision. Cost revenue analyses need to be done and decisions made in the hard, cold lights of profitability. There is no question that significant cost savings can be realized from having standardized products, packages, brand names, and promotional messages but this makes sense only if there is adequate demand for the standardized products: costs must be balanced with demand. On the other hand, if the cost of an individualized product when evaluated against price/demand

Effects Of Cigarette Smoking On The United States - 961 Words

The facts are right there on the box; â€Å"Cigarette smoking causes lung cancer, heart disease, and emphysema and may complicate pregnancy.† Almost all teen smokers say they regret beginning to smoke. Most smokers attribute the habit of smoking to the glamorization of smoking in the media, peer pressure, self-image, and easy access to tobacco; from stealing cigarettes from parents or having someone who is 18 buy the cigarettes for them. Teen smoking is on the rise and it is a problem. Cigarette smoke is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. It is projected that almost 500,000 deaths occur every year because of harmful effects caused by smoking cigarettes ; despite this fact, everyday almost 5,000 teens try cigarettes for the first time and about 2,000 of them continue to become regular smokers. I believe that the number on cause that leads teens to smoking is glamorization of smoking in the media. Have you noticed lately, the increased number of movie c haracters and television stars lighting up a cigarette on screen? Tobacco use in youth-oriented movies increased in the 1990 s and is established today mainly in movies popular with youth. At the recent Golden Globe Awards, the Hollywood’s high society were not the only ones under the hot lights. The electronic cigarette, battery-operated device that releases water vapor and nicotine, also had its close-up as several stars were seen puffing away. Even though cigarettes being promoted on television has longShow MoreRelatedIntroduction. Tobacco Use Throughout The United States1254 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction Tobacco use throughout the United States has become an epidemic, not only among adults, but among adolescents as well. People do not realize the effects of tobacco or the consequence of using tobacco among the youth and adolescents. What are the leading factors of adolescents using tobacco? Do peers and parents have an influence on tobacco use among adolescents? Throughout this paper I will discuss the effects of tobacco use, the statistics of tobacco use among adolescents, and otherRead MoreBanning Smoking Due to the Serious and Fatal Side Effects Essay700 Words   |  3 Pages Millions of people are smokers in the United States. â€Å"In 2011, an estimated 19.0% (43.8) million United States adults were current cigarette smokers† (â€Å"Cigarette Smoking in the†). This number does not include all the underage smokers that are unaccounted. Cigarette smoking has very serious and fatal side effects. Some of these side effects include asthma, cancer, diabet es, heart disease and stroke, COPD, and Buerger’s disease. Tobacco use is a preventable death sentence. SmokersRead MoreThe Production and Sale of Cigarettes Should Be Made Illegal1494 Words   |  6 PagesThe production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal Stanislav Philippov Writing 5 Peggy Armstrong November 18, 2011 The production and sale of cigarettes not only has negative impact on human health, it can even cause death. This is the main reason why the production and sale of cigarettes must be prohibited. It’s obviously a big issue today, some people, mostly non smokers, are against smoking altogether, while other people think that everybody has to have the right to buyRead MoreThe Reason to Increase the Age Limit of Smoking902 Words   |  4 Pages Cigarette contains different poisonous ingredients, and nicotine is the one that creates addiction and leads to different diseases. Smoking cigarette is one of the worst problems our world is facing and the main reason for this term to be stressful is its consequence. Cigarette can cause different diseases that can directly or indirectly lead to death; â€Å"tobacco use is responsible for nearly 1 in 5 deaths in the united states† (cigarette smoking). Most of the time this consequence highlyRead MoreCigarette Smoking S hould Not Be Banned1528 Words   |  7 PagesShould cigarette smoking be banned for everyone in the United States? Why? Why not? Should those who chose their time smoking to relieve stress, personal enjoyment, or simply just because, have to lose their right to what makes them happy? Smoking tobacco products has been around for decades and in many different forms. Should personal rights be pushed aside to please those around us that disagree with the so called â€Å"disgusting habit†? In the paper The Washington Times an article caught my interestRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Smoking1492 Words   |  6 PagesSmoking not only hurts its users, but it hurts whole communities and the economy. Researchers believe that smoking began around 1 BCE, with recreational use becoming a common thing as soon as European settlers reached the Americas in the 15th century (Borio). Throughout the past centuries, tobacco has been used in many different ways. As more methods of utilizing tobacco have become possibilities, their negative effects on their users and other people have increased. In order to make the tobaccoRead MoreShould Cigarette Smoking Be Banned?925 Words   |  4 PagesProfessor Fuentes English 1003 April 22, 2015 Ban smoking in the United States Tobacco use is the single largest preventable cause of diseases and premature death in the United States (U.S.), yet more than 45 million Americans still smoke cigarettes. The health threat posed by tobacco has been accepted by scientists since the 17th century. In 1928, studies linked smoking to cancer. In 1964, the first Surgeon General’s report on cigarette smoking summarized the evidence that tobacco poses seriousRead MoreThe Great American Cigarette1398 Words   |  6 PagesThe cigarette is one of the biggest causes of death on the planet ranging from it many diseases that it causes to the effects that it psychotically a person. With smoking being dangerous by it secondhand smoke and peer pressure succumb to people’s minds and thoughts to go and do these awful things. The Cigarette is looks simple but in reality it is engineered piece of death according to Hyde who says† A cigarette looks simple: just a paper wrapped around some tobacco, but todays cigarettes is aRead MoreHarmful Effects of Smoking1418 Words   |  6 PagesHarmful effects of smoking Doan Thi Huong Thao BAIU08155 International University HCMC Academic English 2 Bien Thi Thanh Mai Instructor May 17, 2010 Abstract Smoking is known to be a primary cause of harmful effects on health, family, environment and society. However, scientist research in health and environment, that researches show that smoking cause many diseases, even lung cancer. An aim of my study has been to determine that smoking also effect on family and society. Results indicatedRead MoreEssay about Cigarettes Should be Banned939 Words   |  4 PagesSmoking cigarettes is common among most adults in the United States, yet it is one of the most dangerous things you can do to yourself. Many people feel that smoking should be made illegal. The reason they may feel this way is because it is very harmful to your health and can lead to death. I strongly agree that cigarettes should be banned from being sold and produced because to me they’re considered a dangerous drug. The first reason that supports my claim of smoking cigarettes should be

The Parallels Between Animal Farm and Soviet History...

The Parallels Between Animal Farm and Soviet History Prior to writing Animal Farm, George Orwell had stated: History consists of a series of swindles, in which the masses are first lured into revolt by the promise of Utopia, and then, when they have done their job, enslaved over again as new masters Together this statement and Soviet History provided a basis for a political allegory which is depicted through Animals and tells of the tribulations which surround certain political ideals. In many ways, the story parallels to an era of soviet history from the revolution in 1917 to the Teheran Conference in 1943. When many critiques review this book they fail to realize how each significant detail parallels to an entity in†¦show more content†¦This is in fact a witty and ironic example of specious Marxist polemics: A Birds Wings, Comrades is an organ or propulsion and not manipulation, It should there be regarded as a leg.(pg 31, Orwell) As the animals had their anthem known as the beast of England, the communist also had an anthem known as Linternationale (1848). The Animal anthem actually paraphrases several components of the Linternationale. In this magnificent fable, there lie many small similarities between Russian history and the Animal farm. In the prologue to Animal Farm George Orwell puts in writing: Although various episodes are taken from the actual history of the Russian Revolution, they are dealt with schematically and their chronological order is changed. As there are countless similarities a few significant ones are: the human beings are the capitalists, the animals are communists, the wild creatures who could not be tamed and continued to behave very much as before are the muzhiks or peasants, the pigs are the Bolsheviks, The Rebellion is the October Rebellion, the neighbouring farmers are the western armies who attempted to support the Czarists against the Reds, the wave of rebelliousness that ran through the countryside afterward, is the abortive revolutions in Hungary and Germany in 1919 and 1923; the hoof and horn is the hammer and sickle, the Spontaneous Demonstration is the May Day celebration, the Order of the GreenShow MoreRelated Messages of George Orwells Animal Farm Essay1412 Words   |  6 PagesOrwells Animal Farm Though Animal Farm can be considered nothing more than a charming animal fable depicting a doomed rebellion, its origin is actually of a more serious and political nature. It is not only the tale of Napoleon and Animal Farm, but a satire and commentary on that of the Russian Revolution, Stalin and Communism. For a person to gain a true understanding of Orwells meaning in Animal Farm, it is best that he or she has an understanding of the political parties and history surroundingRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm1711 Words   |  7 Pagescharacter because his actions and bad deeds provoked the animal rebellion, similarly to how Tsar Nicholas II ignorance led his abdication, ending the Romanov rule and replacing it with the new Bolshevik government (Krieger 185). Moreover, in the story, the animals replaced what used to be â€Å"Manor Farm† to â€Å"Animal Farm†, and Orwell does this to resemble the transformation of Russia’s government. There are othe r events in the story that parallel the true events that resemble Tsar Nicholas. For exampleRead MoreAnimal Farm: An Allegory of Russian History Essay903 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Farm is an allegory of the period in Russian history between 1917 and 1944. It is a satirical story written in the form of an animal fable. In writing Animal Farm as a fable, George Orwell is able to present his subject in simple symbolic terms by treating the development of communism as a story that is taking place on a single farm with talking animals. The characters of Animal Farm represent figures in Russian history during the Russian Revolution. Places, objects, and events of theRead MoreAnimal Farm By George Orwell Essay1430 Words   |  6 PagesAnimal Farm is of course, a satirical allegory, very specifically of the Russian Revolution and of Stalin (Napoleon in the book), but more generally of revolution, the idealism of utopias, and the way in which people take control of societies founded on principles of equality. It is a satirical allegory of Soviet totalitarianism. Orwell based major events in the book on ones from the Soviet Union during the Stalin era. Orwell, a democratic socialist, and a member of the Independent Labour PartyRead MoreAnimal Farm Or Ussr Part II1243 Words   |  5 Pages10 10 April 2015 Animal Farm or USSR Part II Animal Farm written by George Orwell is a hopeful novel about a group of animals that overthrow their farmer and create an animalistic government. Much like All the King’s Men a novel by Robert Penn Warren, Animal Farm has strong political undertones relating to the the skewed government of Soviet Russia. Throughout the book many animal characters can be identified with the political leaders and influences throughout Soviet Russia. According to NewRead MoreThe And Its Impact On Modern Society1578 Words   |  7 Pages The entirety of the story was written from the perspective of the â€Å"surrounding farmers† from Animal Farm. When the computers were created, the scientists wanted to use them as a tool to contain knowledge. However, they overthrow the initial leaders and dominates the government which parallels to the expulsion of Chiang Kai-Shek from mainland China. Although the initial leader is not physically active in the story, they are presented throughout some o f the major events demonstrating their opinionsRead MoreAn Allegory In Animal Farm By George Orwell?819 Words   |  4 Pagesopportunities does writing Animal Farm as an allegory rather than an academic essay offer Orwell? The novel Animal Farm was written by George Orwell. This book was published in 1945 during the time of World War 2. It intended to portray the communism that was happening throughout Russia. Orwell took a massive risk in publishing and jeopardized his wellbeing to publicise his thoughts and to get his point across to the public. This essay will discuss what opportunities Animal Farm provides Orwell by writingRead MoreOrwells Comparing Animal Farm and The Russian System Of Communism971 Words   |  4 PagesOrwells Comparing Animal Farm and The Russian System Of Communism Animal Farm is a satire and prophecy of the Russian revolution, which was written by George Orwell in 1945. George Orwell was a political satirist who led a somewhat strange life. His original name was Eric Arthur Blair, which was later changed to his familiar pen name for its manly, English, country-sounding ring. He was a lonely boy and had many uncertain jobs until he finally became a writer, crossing Read MoreRevolutions Everywhere!: Animal Farm by George Orwell873 Words   |  4 Pages Revolutions are a big part of our world and throughout history, for thousands of years, we have experienced more of these uprisings than we can keep track of. Revolutions are necessary to bring change to a country’s government unwilling to listen to its people. When a government becomes a tyranny, it’s time for a revolution! A revolution aims at overthrowing a government or a certain part of one and this is important to us in order to repair a country undergoing abuse of power on its citizens.Read MoreGeorge Orwell s Animal Farm2708 Words   |  11 PagesLuke Shadley 20th Century Russia 10/16/14 Orwell’s Animal Farm: Fact and Fiction, Caution and Critique George Orwell’s Animal Farm is, first and foremost, a political satire warning against the pursuit of utopian desires through unjust and oppressive means. Operating under the pretense of an animal fable, Orwell disparages the use of political power to poach personal freedom. He effectively alerts his readers to the dangerous price that can accompany the so-called â€Å"pursuit of progress†. And

Mgt 585 Sqm Implementation Essay - 5476 Words

Page 23 TRANSFORMATION FROM WITHIN: THE CDBG CASE Scott Johnson, Northeastern State University David Kern, Northeastern State University Katie Haight, Northeastern State University Ryan Haight, Northeastern State University CASE DESCRIPTION This case is designed for the study of leadership and organizational change within a unit of a larger organization. As such it provides an important learning experience for students who are already managers or who aspire to that level of responsibility. The primary learning opportunities address building a vision at the unit level, restructuring for success, overcoming resistance to change internally and across other units of a larger corporation, building support with powerful sponsors,†¦show more content†¦The case chronicles the new leadership team’s approach to transforming the basic functions of the group, while concurrently managing the old processes until the new ones are operable. The challenge is complicated by substantial resistance to change by executives in powerful operating divisions affected by the compliance responsibilities of the CDBG. Communication and collaboration across organizational silos and the role of powerful sponsors are key elements of th e transformation. The case ends with a summary of â€Å"early wins† for the unit, and a list of challenges its leaders will face over the next few years. Journal of the International Academy for Case Studies, Volume 18, Number 7, 2012 Page 24 INTRODUCTION Steve Bradshaw, Senior EVP of BOK Financial Corporation, was concerned about the performance of the CRA Department, which had recently been assigned to him. The department was named after the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA), a federal regulation that encouraged banks to promote development in low-to-moderate income (LMI) communities through lending and investment programs. The bank had received â€Å"satisfactory† ratings over the past few years in CRA performance evaluations; however, government regulators were increasingly critical about antiquated processes, the lack of required policies and procedures, and the absence of initiative in addressing needed improvements. Failure to receive

Human Development and Life Transition †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Human Development and Life Transition. Answer: Human Development is the process of peoples evolution through enhancement of knowledge, expansion of their capabilities through wide array of choices along with the increase in freedom through fulfillment of human rights. Life transition is usually the life changing event which causes people to take a closer look into the present state of being and move ahead towards becoming a transformed individual for bringing in the desired changes. The purpose of the essay is to consider some of the important aspects of cognitive and social development, the factors influencing cognitive and social development, finally look into the nursing practices followed for children between the age of 2-5 years by understanding the requirements. In the case study, Jack is 3 years old, having speech problems and not toilet trained. The essay concludes that proper care and nurture from parents is essential for the growth and development of children. The importance of connecting with children of similar age gr oup should be stressed upon for allowing them to communicate and avoid any speech problem (Barac et.al., 2015). Piagetrefers to the cognitive development which occurs between ages 2 and 5, as thepreoperational stage.In this stage, children increase their use of language and other symbols, their imitations of adult behaviors, and their play.He had also mentioned in this stage, the things which children are unable to do. By this he meant, reversible abilities of children through which they are able to add and subtract with the same set numbers, hence go back and forth. Cognitive development plays a crucial role in the overall development of a child. Cognition is nothing but the way people think, listen to others, learn and remember. In the case study, Jack is struggling with his speech, only speaking one or two words (Halle et.al., 2014). As far as the normative cognitive development is concerned, during these years, children identify different letters, colors and get into the habit of counting. When children attain the age between 2 and 5 years, they gradually understand what feelings are all a bout and the importance they carry in ones life. Generally 2 year olds can speak on an average about 50 words, whereas by the time children attain the age of 5, they may be aware of sufficient number of words through which they can converse on a regular basis and even share different stories, which capture their attention and create interest. Eriksons stage of social development for 2-5 year olds, reveals that children learn to be self-sufficient with regard to toileting, dressing and feeding. They can relate and interact with peers, whereas in the case study, Jack is lagging behind, as he is not yet toilet trained and blabber only one or two word sentences. Over the course of this phase, children tend to broaden their skills through play, explore and thereby engage, participate and cooperate with others. Role of parenting or peers is extremely critical for social development. Social development for children will be ideal when they take place through the guidance of parents and peer groups (Hammer et.al., 2014). Children aged within 2-5 years become more aware and have the ability to relate effectively with regard to social as well as emotional connect. When children are able to develop a level of understanding, express their emotions and slowly go ahead in understanding the emotions of others, they attain the skills whic h help them connect with family, peers and teachers. The increase in capacities of young children increase their competencies in understanding the importance of social interactions, help them to participate effectively in relationships and group activities, which ultimately makes way for seizing the benefits of social support, critical for greater human development and functioning. Providing care and support to the children aged between 2-5 years help them to get their emotions regulated, creates a sense of predictability, safety and responsiveness in the social environment (Hoffnung et.al., 2015). Well recognized faces would easily make children respond quicker to the instructions imparted for developing certain skills within them. In the given scenario, Jack has been admitted to day care, attending 10 hours in a week, is still unable to speak clearly and carry out the activities which children of his age can do pretty well. Stable and consistent relationships developed through mothers and relevant people, who the children would be able to relate with, do wonders to the confidence of the children and help in the rapid growth and development. Company of known people and being in the environment, where Jack had spent the first 3 years of his life, would have given him a sense of belonging and helped him to grasp the learnings imparted by family members in a comp rehensive manner. The more, children will be at ease when they are surrounded by known people. The environment and culture play significant roles to influence social and cognitive development among children. When children of same age groups mix with one another, they get influenced very easily, as they can connect to the peer groups much better than they would, with any other individual or group of individuals (Sansavini et.al., 2014). Vygotsky opined that language plays a major role in shaping thought. He claimed that cognitive skills originate from social relations and culture. Jack struggles with his speech and thus face problems in communicating with children of his age group, which has become a major concern for his mother Vanessa. This has a major impact on their overall growth and development as constant communication with like-minded people would allow them to gather knowledge and understanding of various aspects of life, also improve their ability to interact freely. Parents have different ways of conducting themselves in front of their children. They tackle different situations to the best of their abilities by following set patterns and cultures. Cultures refer to the type of behaviors one exhibits based on certain beliefs and traditions. Upbringing of children play significant roles in moulding them to behave in specific manners according to culture, traditions and values. The teachings imparted by parents help them to gain consciousness, learn new things and pave the way for an overall social and cognitive development. Nursing practice should be moulded as per the age requirements of children. Children aged 10-12 years, would require separate practices, which should be followed by nurses as compared to the practices which should be followed for the age group of 2-5 years. Jack is 3 years old, who would require special care and attention to arrest certain issues, that are giving trouble, not only to Jack but also to his mother, Vanessa. Proper planning regarding the health of the children, measuring weights on a regular basis, through which the diet plans should be made. Eriksons theory is directly related to the nursing care of children (Winsler et.al.,2014). Health maintenance visits in the community, provide opportunities to nurses to meet the childrens needs. On the other hand, Piagets theory is essential to pediatric nursing. He puts stress on the fact that the nurse must understand a childs thought process, in order to design meaningful and stimulating and appropriate teaching plans. The report concludes that human development and life transition play crucial roles for enhancing the well being of people. The case study referred to Jack, who is 3 years old but unable to speak with clarity and also not well trained in toilet. To bring about the much needed development in human beings and life transition, proper care and nurture from parents is of utmost importance. Social and cognitive development can take place only when children get the desired guidance and made to understand the importance of connecting with children of their age through communication. References Barac, R., Bialystok, E., Castro, D. C., Sanchez, M. (2014). The cognitive development of young dual language learners: A critical review.Early Childhood Research Quarterly,29(4), 699-714. Halle, T. G., Whittaker, J. V., Zepeda, M., Rothenberg, L., Anderson, R., Daneri, P., ... Buysse, V. (2014). The socialemotional development of dual language learners: Looking back at existing research and moving forward with purpose.Early Childhood Research Quarterly,29(4), 734-749. Hammer, C. S., Hoff, E., Uchikoshi, Y., Gillanders, C., Castro, D. C., Sandilos, L. E. (2014). The language and literacy development of young dual language learners: A critical review.Early Childhood Research Quarterly,29(4), 715-733. Hoffnung, Michele, et al. Lifespan development (3rd Australasian ed.), John Wiley Sons, 2015. ProQuest Ebook Central Sansavini, A., Pentimonti, J., Justice, L., Guarini, A., Savini, S., Alessandroni, R., Faldella, G. (2014). Language, motor and cognitive development of extremely preterm children: Modeling individual growth trajectories over the first three years of life.Journal of communication disorders,49, 55-68. Winsler, A., Burchinal, M. R., Tien, H. C., Peisner-Feinberg, E., Espinosa, L., Castro, D. C., ... De Feyter, J. (2014). Early development among dual language learners: The roles of language use at home, maternal immigration, country of origin, and socio-demographic variables.Early Childhood Research Quarterly,29(4), 750-764.

Proposal for a Replacement of the Failing Social S Essay Example For Students

Proposal for a Replacement of the Failing Social S Essay ecurity SystemMy assignment was to imagine that the Social Security system was about to go bankrupt and to create a plan or program to replace it. 1.Institute more job training programs for disabled. 2.Many disabled individuals are punished for working. Their social security checks are halted if they are employed. Even the paycheck from a 40 hour workweek is not enough to cover their medical and special assistance needs. Perhaps decrease their payments without canceling them so they can maintain a reasonable standard of living. 3.Starting with companies that receive federal funding, encourage the creation of an objective evaluation system. Each employee will be evaluated every six months. If deficiencies in the average performance of their duties are detected a meeting will be set up. At this meeting the deficiencies will be brought to the attention of the employee. Remedies to the deficiencies (becoming a part-time employee, additional training, adaptive training, etc.) will be offered. If the remedies are accepted, the employee will be evaluated in six months. If the deficiencies in their average performance have not been significantly decreased they will immediately become part to half-time employees for one month. They will be dismissed at the end of this month. 4.Full-service retirement adaptation centers will be established in all communities. These will be staffed by volunteer and paid retirees. If a retiree is interested in enrolling in college the center will assist them in filling out application and financial aid paperwork. Retired teachers and professors could provide tutoring for fellow retirees and other pupils in college and the public school systems. Every class in the public school system could have a foster grandparent. Retired aerobics instructors and exercise physiologists could conduct physical fitness programs. Retired mental health professionals could conduct group and individual therapy sessions. 5.The home-bound and seriously ill elderly could receive hospice-style nursing care and medical evaluations from retired nurses and doctors. Retired rehabilitation specialists (P.T.s and O.T.s) could also visit the home-bound elderly to make sure they lose as little physical functioning possible. Retired mental health professionals could also visit. Retired plumbers, electricians, housekeepers, landscape artists, and construction personnel could also offer their services. All the in-home personnel would be volunteers. The volunteers would be assured that if they ever became home-bound and ill, they would receive the same services they are providing now for no cost. Those retired persons who did not volunteer would be charged a small monthly fee for services provided. This fee would help run the retirement adaptation centers and cover the traveling costs of in-home volunteers. 6.Hopefully the volunteers could reduce the number of elderly in nursing homes and hospices. 7.Meals could be provided by the centers. Most of the food could come from restaurants. They throw away a LOT of food that is still good. Bibliography: